sri ramanuja seva

Let us learn Sanskrit. Simple sentences. Present tense. 

Sanskrit (Devanāgarī)	Transliteration	Meaning
बालकः क्रीडति।	bālakaḥ krīḍati	The boy plays.
छात्रः पठति।	chātraḥ paṭhati	The student studies/reads.
रामः हसति।	rāmaḥ hasati	Rama laughs/smiles.
सीता पश्यति।	sītā paśyati	Sita sees (or looks at).
सिंहः गर्जति।	siṃhaḥ garjati	The lion roars.
लक्ष्मणः गच्छति।	lakṣmaṇaḥ gacchati	Lakshmana goes.
कृष्णः वदति।	kṛṣṇaḥ vadati	Krishna speaks/says.

Word meanings

Sanskrit	Transliteration	Meaning
क्रीडति	krīḍati	plays
पठति	paṭhati	reads/studies
हसति	hasati	laughs/smiles
पश्यति	paśyati	sees
गर्जति	garjati	roars
गच्छति	gacchati	goes
वदति	vadati	speaks/says

Common pattern

All these sentences follow the pattern:

कर्ता + क्रिया
kartā + kriyā
Subject + Verb

Examples:

• रामः + हसति = रामः हसति।
  rāmaḥ + hasati = rāmaḥ hasati.
• सिंहः + गर्जति = सिंहः गर्जति।
  siṃhaḥ + garjati = siṃhaḥ garjati.
• कृष्णः + वदति = कृष्णः वदति।
  kṛṣṇaḥ + vadati = kṛṣṇaḥ vadati.

Grammar note

The words बालकः (bālakaḥ), छात्रः (chātraḥ), रामः (rāmaḥ), सिंहः (siṃhaḥ), लक्ष्मणः (lakṣmaṇaḥ), कृष्णः (kṛṣṇaḥ) are all in प्रथमा विभक्ति (prathamā vibhakti), singular (एकवचन, ekavacana).

सीता (sītā) is also in प्रथमा विभक्ति (prathamā vibhakti), singular, but it is feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग, strīliṅga).

All the verbs (क्रीडति, पठति, हसति, पश्यति, गर्जति, गच्छति, वदति) are in third person singular (प्रथम पुरुष, एकवचन — prathama puruṣa, ekavacana).